The Autoimmune Connection to PCOS

Many women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have asked: could my symptoms be linked to an autoimmune condition?

While PCOS is not officially classified as an autoimmune disorder, research suggests there may be an autoimmune connection to PCOS—particularly through inflammation and thyroid issues like autoimmune thyroiditis.

Could PCOS Be an Autoimmune Condition?

PCOS is typically diagnosed based on symptoms like irregular periods, high androgens, and ovarian cysts. But more recent studies point to a potential overlap with autoimmune issues. For instance, many women with PCOS also test positive for autoimmune markers or report other immune-related symptoms.

Inflammation and Immune Dysfunction

Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of PCOS. Elevated inflammatory cytokines—molecules that signal immune responses—are often found in women with PCOS. This suggests an immune system imbalance may play a role in the condition’s development or worsening.

Common Autoimmune Conditions Linked to PCOS

• Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (autoimmune thyroiditis)
• Type 1 diabetes
• Celiac disease
• Lupus (less common)

FAQ: Autoimmune Link to PCOS

What does "PCOS autoimmune link" mean?

It refers to a possible overlap between PCOS and autoimmune conditions, like autoimmune thyroiditis or elevated autoimmune markers. Research is ongoing, but the connection may explain chronic inflammation or overlapping symptoms.

Is autoimmune thyroiditis common in women with PCOS?

Yes. Studies show that women with PCOS are more likely to develop autoimmune thyroid disorders, especially Hashimoto’s. This link highlights the need for regular thyroid function screening in PCOS care.

Can autoimmune markers be detected in PCOS blood tests?

In some cases, yes. Some women with PCOS show elevated ANA (antinuclear antibodies) or other autoimmune indicators, even if they don’t meet criteria for a separate autoimmune diagnosis.

Do inflammatory cytokines play a role in PCOS?

They might. Inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha and IL-6 are often higher in women with PCOS, suggesting a state of low-grade inflammation tied to immune system activity.

Should I get tested for autoimmune conditions if I have PCOS?

If you have fatigue, hair loss, joint pain, or thyroid symptoms alongside PCOS, speak with your doctor. Tests for thyroid antibodies or ANA markers may help guide your treatment options.